Athènes au V ème siècle avant JC
Où se situe Athènes ?
Sur la carte :
1/ Entourer Athènes.
2/ Quel est le nom de la ville de Nice au Veme siècle avant JC ? __________________________
Se repérer dans le temps
1/ Sur la frise chronologique il faut retrouver le Vème siècle avant JC en traçant un trait rouge à la règle.
Le système politique :
Qui sont les habitants d’Athènes au Vème siècle avant JC ?
Vocabulaire :
Participer à la vie politique : _______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LECON :
Il existe 4 catégories d’habitants à Athènes au V ème siècle avant JC :
Les esclaves, considérés comme des marchandises
Les métèques, étrangers libres mais sans droits
Les femmes, sous l’autorité d’un homme.
Les CITOYENS : Hommes nés de parents athéniens de plus de 20 ans et ayant fait le service militaire.
II. Etre citoyen dans la démocratie Athènes au Vème siècle avant J.-C.
Vocabulaire :
La politique : S’occuper des affaires communes à tous les habitants de la cité ( le « vivre ensemble »)
Démocratie :
Démos : le peuple
Cratos : le pouvoir
Système politique dans lequel le pouvoir appartient au peuple.
Citoyens athéniens !!
Nous sommes en guerre contre notre ennemi la cité de Sparte ! Notre allié la cité de Mytilène refuse de nous aider et de donner de l’argent afin de financer la guerre !! Comment devons nous réagir face à cet affront ?
Nous sommes en 428 avant JC : Faire une croix noire sur la frise.
Où se trouve Sparte ? Entourer la cité sur la carte en rouge.
Où se trouve Mytilène ? Entourer la cité sur la carte en vert.
( Mytilène est une île au Nord de la cité de Phocée).
Vocabulaire :
Orateur : Personne qui prononce un discours devant une assemblée.
Clepsydre : Objet en terre cuite qui permet de mesurer le temps de parole des orateurs.
Gardien de l’ordre : Hoplite chargé de surveiller le bon déroulement du débat.
Pnyx : Colline sur laquelle l’Ecclésia se rassemble pour voter et débattre.
LECON :
Athènes est la cité la plus puissante au Vème siècle avant J.-C.
Son système politique est une démocratie, c’est à dire que les citoyens ont le pouvoir en votant les lois et en élisant les stratèges.
A la fin du IV ème siècle, les citoyens participent de moins en moins à la vie politique et Athènes se fera envahir par le roi Philippe de Macédoine.
Stratège : chef du gouvernement athénien
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